Movements/SectionsMov'ts/Sec's | 5 acts |
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Composition Year | 1856–58, with additions 1859–60, 1863 A 1864 (Marche troyenne) B |
Genre Categories | Grand operas; Theatrical Works; Operas; |
Contents |
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⇒ 4 more: Act II • Act III • Act IV • Act V
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Work Title | Les Troyens |
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Alternative. Title | The Trojans, Grand Opera in 5 acts |
Name Translations | Троянцы (опера); Les Troyens; 特洛伊人; 트로이 사람들; Trojanerna (opera); |
Name Aliases | Падение Трои; Троянцы в Карфагене; La Prise de Troie; Les Troyens à Carthage; Les Troyens (opéra); |
Authorities | WorldCat; Wikipedia; VIAF: 174592175; LCCN: n83021426; GND: 300019459; |
Composer | Berlioz, Hector |
Opus/Catalogue NumberOp./Cat. No. | H 133 |
I-Catalogue NumberI-Cat. No. | IHB 65 |
Movements/SectionsMov'ts/Sec's | 5 acts
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Year/Date of CompositionY/D of Comp. | 1856–58, with additions 1859–60, 1863 A 1864 (Marche troyenne) B |
First Performance. | 1859 (excerpts from Acts I & IV) 1863 (Acts III–V, staged) 1879 (Acts I–II, in concert) 1890 (complete) |
First Publication. | 1863 (vocal score) 1885 (abridged full score) 1969 (complete full score) |
Librettist | the composer, after Virgil’s Aeneid, Book II and IV |
Language | French |
Dedication | à Princess Carolyne Sayn-Wittgenstein (1819–87) |
Average DurationAvg. Duration | 4 hours |
Composer Time PeriodComp. Period | Romantic |
Piece Style | Romantic |
Instrumentation | voices, chorus and orchestra |
External Links | Wikipedia article Libretto (Hector Berlioz Website) Hector Berlioz website – online scores (Scorch format) |
Conceived as a grand opera in five acts and composed between 1856 and 1858, the work was refused by the Paris Opéra. Berlioz conducted some excerpts at the casino in Baden-Baden, in the Salon de Conversation on 29 August 1859, which included the duets for Cassandre and Chorèbe from Act I, and the duet Nuit d’ivresse for Didon and Énée from Act IV, sung by Pauline Viardot and Jules Lefort.
The compromises forced upon Berlioz to allow half of the work to be performed in 1863 at the much smaller Théâtre-Lyrique led him to divide the work into two parts, La prise de Troie (The capture of Troy), and Les Troyens à Carthage (The Trojans in Carthage), with a new Prélude à Les Troyens à Carthage composed in 1863 as an overture to the second part, along with a short prologue reworking excerpts from Acts I and II such as the Marche troyenne, which is a recasting of the Act I finale, and subsequently arranged in a concert version early in 1864; the second part was also shorn of the ballet music composed in 1859–60, and the remainder underwent further cuts owing to the difficulties of staging (e.g. the Chasse royale et orage, or Royal Hunt and Storm, was heard only on the opening night).
Les Troyens à Carthage, was premiéred at the Théâtre-Lyrique, Paris, on 4 November 1863, conducted by Adolphe Deloffre.
La prise de Troie was first performed in concert versions in Paris, by Pasdeloup at the Cirque d’Hiver and Colonne at the Théâtre du Châtelet on the same day, 7 December 1879, and first staged as an opera in Karlsruhe, Germany, by Felix Mottl on 6 December 1890 (with Les Troyens à Carthage presented on the following night).
Performances of the complete opera Les Troyens in five acts as Berlioz intended, did not occur until the 20th century, and the first complete performance in Paris only occurred as lately as 11 October 2003 at the Théâtre du Châtelet.